The Effects Of Soliloquy On Elizabethan Audience - 954 Words

Brittany Ediagbonya Mrs. Splinter ENG4UI-01 December 18, 2015 Impact of Soliloquy on Elizabethan Audience In William Shakespeare s revenge tragedy play Hamlet, the prevailing themes of revenge, madness, and morality were recognized by the Elizabethan audience and appealed to them. The play s central focus is on a young prince, Hamlet, who has gone through many challenges to avenge his father s death. Prince Hamlet got his revenge on his deceitful uncle, Claudius, the same man who murdered his father and married Hamlet s mother. From the original text of the play, a major scene in Act 4 shows where Hamlet decides that it s time for vengeance, expressing it in a soliloquy. This scene would have appealed to the Elizabethan audience because they would observe Hamlet s thoughts. In addition, the soliloquy would have expanded on the theme of revenge, and how it would affect the final scene. Finally, by emphasizing the theme of morality in his speech, it would have the audience to make connections towards their own consciousness. Shakespeare s Hamlet successfully targets the Elizabethan audience in Hamlet s speech from Act IV. Through Hamlet s soliloquy, the Elizabethan audience is able to evidently perceive Hamlet s thoughts. At the beginning of Hamlet s soliloquy, the audience is aware that he regrets his uncertainty to kill Claudius, avenging his father s death. Hamlet acknowledges this while he s thinking, How all occasions do inform against me/And spur my dullShow MoreRelatedHamlet Cause and Effect Essay1716 Words   |  7 PagesCause and Effect Essay – Elizabethan Target Audience â€Å"Always mystify, torture, mislead, and surprise the audience as much as possible (Roff).† Hamlet is a dramatic production written by William Shakespeare. â€Å"The play, set in the Kingdom of Denmark, recounts how Prince Hamlet exacts revenge on his uncle Claudius for murdering the old King Hamlet, Claudiuss own brother and Prince Hamlets father, and then succeeding to the throne and marrying Gertrude, the King Hamlets widow and mother of PrinceRead MoreHamlet Soliloquy Analysis899 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet’s Soliloquy There are various ways in which an author can target their audience, though in the Elizabethan Era one might do so differently than in present day. In William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Hamlet delivers a speech in which all those who watched could relate to. Before Hamlet was exiled to England he encountered the captain of Norway’s army and learned of their plan to attack a small patch of Poland’s land. The land was worth nothing to neither Norway or Poland yet both took up arms toRead MoreCause and Effect Hamlet Essay902 Words   |  4 PagesCause and Effect Hamlet Essay William Shakespeare, arguably the greatest language in the English language and England’s national poet, has written numerous histories, tragedies, comedies and poems. Throughout his plays, his use of dramatic irony, immaculate word choice and wording, and his vast imagination has made him a successful playwright even in his time. Shakespeare’s scripts for his theatrical company, needed to pertain to the needs and fascinations of the Elizabethan audience. It is safeRead MoreHamlet Audience Essay927 Words   |  4 Pages Hamlet Essay There are various ways in which an author can target its audience, though in the Elizabethan Era one might do so differently than in present day. In William Shakespeare’s Hamlet, Hamlet delivers a speech in which all those who watched could relate to. When Hamlet was sent to be exiled to England he met with the captain of Norway’s army and learned of their plan to attack a small patch of Poland’s land. The land was worth nothing to neither Norway or Poland yet both took up arms to obtainRead MoreHamlet Soliloquies Essay1218 Words   |  5 PagesAkin to many Elizabethan dramas, there has been much discussion regarding the concept of tragedy in â€Å"Hamlet†. One definition of tragedy offered by the Oxford English Dictionary is ‘a serious play with an unhappy ending’. However, the concept is broader and more complex than the definition aforementioned. Aristotle is believed to have offered the first (and perhaps the most suitable) definition. Ac cording to Aristotle’s Poetics, a tragedy must involve a reversal of fortune of the main character. ThisRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth 1652 Words   |  7 PagesThroughout the play it is evident that audiences could potentially have many understandings of the themes present, and these understandings are met with the use of soliloquies. Soliloquies ‘reveal the mindset and motivations of the central character’ (O’Connor.E, 2012), a soliloquy is ‘when a character speaks their deepest thoughts aloud to themselves when alone’ (Shakespeare s Life, Class Notes). Soliloquies are an important feature of any play, as they allow the audience to not only view the developmentRead MoreWilliam Shakespeares Hamlet as a Revenge Tragedy Essay1233 Words   |  5 PagesTragedy Revenge Tragedy was a genre which lasted from 1590 until 1615. The genre appealed to the Elizabethan audience’s desire for blood and violence without emotional depth. ================================================================== Revenge tragedies originated in the writings of the Roman Seneca (4BC-AD65) whose plays heavily influenced Elizabethan dramatists. Seneca’s tragedies, using stories derived from mythology emphasised bloody action, horrificRead MoreThe Life of William Shakespeare669 Words   |  3 Pagesimpense amount of histories, comedies, tragedies and poems. A portion of plays written by William Shakespeare were constructed and designed to influence his audience in many different ways. Wither it be social, cultural or economical each play would stimulate the thoughts and emotions of the audience and often creating a debate. The causes and effects are responsible for the different points of view on Hamlet. Shakespeare may display multiple themes throughout each of his plays, which also led to a debateRead MoreKing Richard Iii and Looking for Richard Essay1602 Words   |  7 PagesShakespeare’s play. In the opening soliloquy if King Richard III, the audience is introduced to and captivated by the actor Richard, an antagonist who wields his skills of theatricality and language to strengthen his villainous intentions of marching towards political power: the throne of England. In his Elizabethan context, Shakespeare was the leading figure in the entertainment world, a man who recognised the value of theatre to entertain and educate. He was aware that his audience were well acquainted withRead MoreThe Significance of Soliloquiest to William Shakespeares Hamlet2427 Words   |  10 PagesThe Significance of Soliloquiest to William Shakespeares Hamlet In this essay I will consider the significance of the soliloquies in Shakespeares Hamlet. When Shakespeare wrote his plays he intended to make them entertaining for the era of his time, which was of course the Elizabethan era. At this time there was no technology available, and going to the theatre was the only real form of entertainment that was offered to the people. To ensure that the plays were enjoyable

Romeo and Juliet Character Analysis - 1438 Words

Romeo and Juliet character analysis Juliet is the daughter of Lord and Lady Capulet. When the play begins, we learn from the nurse that Juliet is soon turning fourteen (â€Å"Even or odd, of all the days in the year come Lammas-Eve at night shall she be fourteen†). In Juliets first meeting with her mother and the nurse, she seems to be an obedient and responsible child. She comes immediately when they call her and answers always respectfully to her mother: Madam, I am here, / What is your will? (â€Å"Act 1, Scene 3). She is also clever as when her mother asks her what she thinks about marriage, she gives an ambiguous answer by saying what her mother wanted to hear really: â€Å"it is an honour I dream not of† (â€Å"Act 1, Scene 3). We learn that she is†¦show more content†¦Benvolio advises to look at other beauties and forget about Roseline. Mercutio is a relative of the prince and friend to Romeo. He is an eloquent man and becomes the center of attention whenever he appears in the play. It seems like he dominates Romeo with his teasing and irony. He mocks Romeo as he thinks he is too sentimental and tells him how foolish he is; he turns all of Romeo’s thought about love into sexual metaphors. â€Å"And to sink in it should you burden love – Too great oppression for a tender thing.† (Act 1, Scene 4) It might be that he is jealous of Romeo that prefers thinking about love rather than spend some time with him; Mercutio wants his friend back. Mercutio tries to get Romeos mind on something else. He also describes imagination in a powerful, memorable way in his Queen Mab speech (Act 1, scene 4). The speech shows Mercutios eloquence and it describes dreams as coming from a fairy creature. He is clever man. Paris is a noble man who asks Lord Capulet his daughter’s hand. He represents a sort of competition for Romeo. He seems quite reasonable, young and quite wise. He is described by lady Montague as a very handsome man (â€Å"examine every married lineament , / and see how one other lends content†. The nurse also admits his beauty â€Å"Nay, he’s a flower – in faith, a very flower! † Act 1 Scene 3) Lord Capulet is the head of the Capulet household and Juliet’s father. He seems to be an honorable and tolerant man; he does not mind Romeo’sShow MoreRelatedRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis747 Words   |  3 PagesWhile secondary characters are undersized compared to the main characters of the play, they often have an eminent impact on the story. In William Shakespeare’s famous tragedy Romeo and Juliet, certain secondary characters influence the decisions made by the two lovers and avail to establish the play’s tragic outcome. This will be conveyed through a detailed analysis of Tybalt, Capulet and Friar Lawrence. Although admirable qualities add to ones life, they can often lead to their death. In ShakespearesRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis Essay914 Words   |  4 PagesThe Tragedy of Romeo and Juliet is a pleasant and suspenseful drama written by William Shakespeare in 1595. It is a romantic tragedy about two young lovers from feuding families the Capulet’s and Montague’s who decide to marry against their parent’s wishes. They try to find peace and happiness, but it is not to be, and their lives finally end tragically and under strange and very sad circumstances. However, in the beginning, the noble aristocrat, Count Paris, who was the favorite suitor of Juliet’sRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis1351 Words   |  6 Pages‘The characters in Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet undergo significant changes throughout the course of the play.’ Discuss Perhaps one of the most intriguing aspects of Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet, pertains to the changes that the characters undergo. This is explored through Romeo and Juliet - two main protagonists living in Verona - who fall in love with each other, despite the great feud between their families. This significantly changes the lives of the majority of characters throughout theRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis1141 Words   |  5 Pageswhich ‘Romeo and Juliet’ was written, many people were strong believers of fate and it was a common belief in society. William Shakespeare was a famous poet who is recognised for his powerful writing and contribution to the English language. One of William Shakespeare’s highly recognised plays is ‘Romeo and Juliet’ written in the late 1500’s. It is a play about two star-crossed lovers alongside fate who by their death end the feud between the Montagues and the Capulets. In ‘Romeo and Julietà ¢â‚¬â„¢, FriarRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis715 Words   |  3 PagesAfter reading and analyzing the story â€Å"Romeo and Juliet† by William Shakespeare, it comes to the conclusion that each character represents an emotion by using two main characters from the story. The emotion anger, can be shown in multiple of scenes but the one who represents it the most is Tybalt Capulet as his anger within is mostly identify by from the Capulet’s angry feud to the Montagues. The emotion honestly, can be shown by a man named Benvolio Montague who not only shows honestly to his formalRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis890 Words   |  4 PagesThe story of Romeo and Juliet written by William Shakespeare is by far one of the most profound romantic plays known to the world. Shakespeare has written many famous poets; plays having Romeo and Juliet his most famous and known pieces of literary art. William Shakespeare is a master in literary entertainment but an unknown man in history, but yet the most known English poet, actor, playwright and regarded as the greatest English writer in the worlds history. Each of Shakespeare’s works has a themeRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis840 Words   |  4 PagesRomeo and Juliet, written by William Shakespear, brings many themes to life; love and fate and comedy and tragedy being among the most common and reoccurring. This essay will be focusing on the real tragedy of one of the most famous plays ever written. Romeo and Juliet are not the only ones to lose something very dear to them; everyone suffered, both emotionally and physically. The couples union was intended to bring the feuding families together instead, their love for each other only brought theirRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis1434 Words   |  6 PagesRomeo and Juliet a Tragedy of Fate and Character There is no doubt that Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy of young love. What is in doubt is what contributes to the tragedy. The story of Romeo and Juliet’s love contrasts greatly with famous Greek tragedies such as Oedipus the King and The Odyssey in which the source of tragedy is the main protagonists struggle against fate. Rather the source of tragedy in Romeo and Juliet is both the character flaws that exist within in Romeo and Juliet themselves andRead MoreRomeo And Juliet Character Analysis1036 Words   |  5 Pagestragedy Romeo and Juliet is considerably one of the greatest love stories ever written. The play is set to exhibit the longstanding feud between the Capulet and Montague households. This results in the tragic deaths of the two main protagonists, Romeo and Juliet, as their love is forbidden by the terms of their families hatred. The play ends in the unison of the families as they mourn together the loss of their children and end their conflict. As such a masterfu l piece of literature, Romeo and JulietRead MoreRomeo and Juliet Character Analysis843 Words   |  3 PagesEnglish Controlled Assessment: Romeo and Juliet Today, the name Romeo has come to mean the word love because of his important role in the most famous love story. Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy mainly because of Romeos character, which is what I will be writing about in this essay. We see Romeo as a sombre, impetuous and immature character in the early part of the play, but many aspects of his character seen in the early part of the play are not consistent as he does change a lot throughout

Night Creature Hunter’s Moon Chapter 33 Free Essays

I woke up in the dark. Someone was carrying me. I knew who that someone was, even without the aching, burning agony of my back. We will write a custom essay sample on Night Creature: Hunter’s Moon Chapter 33 or any similar topic only for you Order Now I wanted to struggle, but I fought the urge. Better to let him think I was still out. Maybe I could surprise him and†¦ I wasn’t sure what. The air was cool on my face. We were inside, but not a building. I heard a shoe scrape dirt, then crunch something dry and old. Like a bone. Hell. The mine. I guess I was going to see what lay behind that pile of human bones. â€Å"You can stop pretending. I know you’re awake.† His voice slid out of the night like a slowly slithering snake. I lifted my head, but I couldn’t distinguish anything in a darkness so complete it pressed against my skin like velvet. His voice had always been seductive, soothing. Even now, when I knew the truth, that voice could still make me want to do things that were illegal in several southern states. I gave myself a mental slap. He had bartered the lives of everyone I’d ever loved. He had sold his soul to the dark side. I wished I had a light saber and a good connection to the force. I’d have to make do with my hands and my wits. I didn’t think they were going to be enough. A light flickered up ahead. Dim, wavering, like a candle around a corner. I could see the low ceiling, the ancient wooden pillars, the dust, dirt, a few bones. If I wanted to, I could turn my head and see his face. I just didn’t want to. â€Å"Put me down,† I ordered. He ignored me and kept walking toward the light, which grew bigger and brighter, illuminating an arched doorway. We went through and into a room with a bed, suitcase, table, and chairs. Someone had been living here. I knew who. I straggled and he laughed, then let me go. I tumbled onto the floor, gained my feet, and scrambled away. Hector Menendez appeared exactly the same as he had two years ago. Handsome, exotic, suave. Except now I recognized the beast hovering at the back of his eyes. â€Å"You aren’t going to get away from me this time, querida. It is your destiny to be my mate.† â€Å"I don’t think so.† He shrugged, unconcerned. â€Å"It’s still three nights until the full moon. Jessie will find me before then.† His thin lips lifted. â€Å"Jessie and her Indian lover will not return from their trip to see Cora Kopway.† I blinked. â€Å"The idiot I sent to kill them in the forest was no better than the one I sent to bite you. I thought if they were dead it would confuse everyone, give me more time to do what I had to. I should have ripped their throats out myself.† I winced as memories threatened. â€Å"You think I’m a fool?† he continued. â€Å"I know everything you’ve done. Everything.† I certainly hoped not. â€Å"A bartender, Leigh? An Irishman, no less. You insult me.† â€Å"He’s one of you.† â€Å"He’s a peon. A weakling. I’m going to be a god.† â€Å"You wish.† â€Å"I don’t have to wish. I am more than halfway there.† I had to get out of here. Save Jessie. Save Will. Myself while I was at it. Sadly, Hector stood between me and the door. I had no weapon, and he was stronger than me, even without the super-duper shape-shifting shit. â€Å"You think I don’t know what Damien has been doing?† he asked. â€Å"He thinks he’s thinning the pack, but he’s only given me more power with every death. I’ve been stalking him as he’s been stalking the others, gaining the strength of those he kills under the moon.† Well, that cleared a few things up. â€Å"How did you discover the Legend of the Power Eater?† I asked. I couldn’t imagine Hector, who despite his own minority heritage had very little patience for any others’, studying Ojibwe folklore. He sat on the bed. He was wearing something different than Cowboy had been. I recalled the boots splitting open as he changed. His clothes must have, too. We’d been right about shifting between human forms. Gee, give us a cigar. I wondered what else he could do, then decided I really didn’t want to know. â€Å"Once upon a time, I was a lowly half-breed.† At my confused frown, he shook his head. â€Å"Half-Hispanic, half-white. I fit in nowhere. Not even my mother loved me enough to stay. I decided I wanted power. I wasn’t going to get it through money or politics, but I could get it through death and destruction, which worked out well for me, because I liked it.† While he spoke, my gaze darted around the room, searching for a way to escape. I didn’t find one, so I needed to keep him talking. â€Å"How did you learn of the legend?† I repeated. â€Å"I’ve traveled most of my life. Seen many things. When people stumble on something they can’t explain, their mind rationalizes. Mine did not. I looked for the truth. There’s another world that exists after the moon rises. I wanted to be a part of it. I hired someone to find out the best way for me to do that.† â€Å"And then?† â€Å"I ate him.† I gaped at his matter-of-fact tone. â€Å"But he†¦ I mean, uh – â€Å" â€Å"He wasn’t an enemy?† Hector shrugged. â€Å"Consider him a freebie. Practice, if you will, for the main event.† â€Å"Which was?† â€Å"You know what I did, Leigh.† â€Å"Petite blond women, flesh of the enemy, sold your soul, sacrifice.† â€Å"Very good.† â€Å"One thing I don’t understand. Why didn’t you kill me?† â€Å"Querida, how could I kill the woman meant to be my mate?† â€Å"But – † I pointed at my hair, or what was left of it. â€Å"It is a shame you felt the need to disfigure yourself, but when you are Weendigo, like me, that will not matter.† I tried again. â€Å"If petite blond women were your enemy, then why not me?† â€Å"Because I knew from the moment you spoke to me that you were destined to be mine.† â€Å"Why?† â€Å"You came to me. No one else ever had.† No one? I found that hard to believe. Hector was nuts, but he was handsome. Was I the only idiot who hadn’t seen the rot beneath the flower? â€Å"And because you came to me,† he continued, â€Å"I knew you saw past my heritage, my poverty and shame. I knew you loved me, even when you said you did not.† â€Å"You thought I wouldn’t care that you were a serial killer, a cannibal, the murderer of my family?† â€Å"Those things were means to an end. So I could become Weendigo. So I could make us the alpha pair. We will live forever, querida. Together.† Not. â€Å"How did you find me?† â€Å"Were you hiding?† He appeared amused. † Jdger-Suchers are†¦ I mean we – â€Å" â€Å"Are supposed to be a secret. True. To the general public. But the werewolves know you exist. Your friend Man-denauer is something of a legend, maybe a bogeyman. So are you, Leigh. When I make you one of us, werewolves all over the globe will cheer.† â€Å"I’m so glad they’ll approve,† I muttered. â€Å"Ever sarcastic. It’s one of your charms.† I chose to ignore that. If he found my sarcasm charming, I was in big trouble. Oh, wait. I was in big trouble. â€Å"I still don’t understand how we ended up in the same town. At this time of year.† I needed to keep him talking until I figured out what to do or someone found me. Which could take quite a while. â€Å"I brought you to Crow Valley.† He tilted his head and the light caught his blue eyes. For an instant the irises appeared red, as if a camera flash had gone off or a demon waited inside. â€Å"I thought you knew that.† â€Å"Brought me?† â€Å"It wasn’t hard. I control this town. I am the alpha here already. I tell them who to kill. They bring the bones to this place.† Ding, ding, ding. The light went on. â€Å"No human remains, no FBI,† I murmured. Hector just smiled. â€Å"But dead wolves would bring the DNR at the least.† â€Å"Jager-Suchers eventually,† he agreed. â€Å"How did you know they’d send me?† â€Å"You are the best, querida. Who else would they send?† Gee, it paid to be at the top of my field. â€Å"I don’t understand why the other werewolves would follow you. You’re murdering your own kind for power.† â€Å"Oh, they don’t know it’s me.† â€Å"What?† â€Å"Any wolf that’s seen me kill one of them is dead.† â€Å"How are you going to explain becoming supreme fur boy?† â€Å"By the time they figure out what I’m up to, I’ll be unstoppable, and they’ll be happy about it.† â€Å"You think?† â€Å"Of course.† He winked. â€Å"Because I’ll be giving them you.† â€Å"Excuse me?† â€Å"The most successful werewolf-hunting Jdger-Sucher next to Edward Mandenauer will be the werewolf queen. You won’t be killing them anymore. They’ll lie down at my feet and roll over.† â€Å"And if someone figures this out before then?† â€Å"I’ll just give them Fitzgerald. He’s going to have to go anyway.† My heart stuttered and seemed to stop. â€Å"W-why?† â€Å"He touched you. He dies.† Hector shrugged. â€Å"I need a sacrifice for the night of the blood moon. Damien will do nicely.† I’d wondered how much I cared for Damien; now I knew. The thought of him dying practically paralyzed me. The entire time Hector and I had been talking I was desperately searching for, frantically trying to think of, a way out. My heart thundered and my hands shook. But at least I no longer felt like fainting. Until Hector got off the bed and came toward me. I did not want him touching me. â€Å"Are you ready?† â€Å"F-for what?† â€Å"To become.† My mouth fell open. I must have looked like a supreme idiot. â€Å"But – but the ceremony takes place on the night of the hunter’s moon.† He strode closer. I took a step back. â€Å"Of course it does.† â€Å"Then what – why?† His slim manicured hand reached out and grabbed me so fast I didn’t have time to run. As if I could. His breath brushed my face and I shuddered. The black lights flashed again. So much for not feeling faint. â€Å"Come here.† He drew me forward. I had enough sense left to hold back. Hector made an impatient sound. â€Å"I must tie you up, querida.† He tugged me to his bed and shoved me onto it. I struggled, but in minutes I was bound hand and foot. My judo expertise was worthless. Boy, did I miss my gun. Since the only weapon I had left was words, I used them. â€Å"You have to tie me down to do me. Pretty pathetic, Hector.† He merely smiled. I hated that smile. â€Å"You are under the mistaken impression that I plan to do you tonight.† I blinked. â€Å"But as much as I might enjoy it, that would be wasteful. I will take you under the full moon, as every werewolf watches. But before that happens, we must address one minor point.† â€Å"What’s that?† I aimed for a strong, confident voice; what I got was near to a whimper. â€Å"As kinky as it might be for you, there is no cross-species mating.† Remembering my conversation with Damien, I started to get an idea of what Hector was after. I tugged at the ropes, but it didn’t do me any good. â€Å"For the ceremony to take place on the night of the blood moon, you must already be one of us.† Oh, hell. I hadn’t thought of that. Hector needed to bite me now. How to cite Night Creature: Hunter’s Moon Chapter 33, Essay examples

Financial Diagnostic Report of Farm Fresh

Question: Discuss about the Financial Diagnostic Report of Farm Fresh. Answer: Introduction Business expansion is necessary for increasing the net income of the business and capturing the global market. It also promotes the brand of the company. However, the decisions of the business expansion are crucial because of the amount of investment that is required for expansion and compliance of the various statutory regulations. Therefore, it is important to assess the viability of the business in the region where the expansion is proposed. This report studies the viability of business expansion of Farmfresh in three different Asian regions India, China and Singapore. The growth of the industry and the performance of the competitors have been analyzed to assess the viability of the business expansion in these countries. The various regulatory requirements by the statutory bodies of the countries have been also studied to understand the rules and regulations that have to fulfill by the company in the course of operations. The prospects of mergers and acquisition with the competitors for capturing the markets have also been analyzed to assess if the business expansion should be targeted through mergers and acquisitions. Regulatory Framework Barriers to Entry and Competition Policy Issues In markets, fair competition is very crucial for social as well as economic development and eradication of poverty. But anti-competitive methods as well as practices have decreased the growth as well as innovation opportunities. In India, an appropriate strategy for entry has to be considered by every investor. He can either set up a company, liaison or branch in India. It depends on the nature of operations or type of business etc. Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) policy regulates the Foreign Investments in India which is issued yearly by the concerned department of the Indian government. Taxation also plays a key role in determining the entry barriers. Both implications of direct as well as indirect taxation have to be considered. Lastly, exit strategy must also be planned initially, as the barriers and the cost to exit shall determine the entry strategy. Competition issues are handled by the Competition Commission of India. In China, competition policies are regulated by Anti-Unfair Competition Law, Price Law as well as Anti-Monopoly Law. Shandong is the agricultural hub for agricultural products sold in China. The location has to be chosen; government policies have to be strictly adhered and appropriate staff has to be hired with due diligence. On the rank of liberty, Singapore maintains one of the top liberal trading positions in the world. Singapore imports around 90% of its eatables from the whole world. Since the innovators of Singapore food technology might not be having the capacity to fulfil such a big market, this is achieved by entering into partnerships with companies all over the globe including Australia as well as New Zealand to meet such high requirement for healthy good quality food products. Consideration of Mergers Acquisitions for the prospective Target Companies In India the target companies selected are a private company as well as a public company. For the public companies to prevent malpractices and to ensure that the merger or acquisition is for operational efficiency, The Competition Act 2002 has undergone a change that has replaced the voluntary notification regime with mandatory regime. These regimes are concerned with the business uncertainties. If the companies are involved in anti-competitive practices as a result of the business combination, it will lead the way to demerger for the companies. The Indian competition law grants a period of 210 for the determination of the business combinations (Bansal, 2010). Unlike the public company, the shares of the private company would be held by numbered individuals but the mergers in this case are relatively more difficult as it would result in the dilution of the ownership where it lies in concentrated hands. China and Australia have recently signed the China Australia Free Trade Agreement (ChAFTA). It has opened up the potential for the Australian firms to do business in China. However, it is important that the laws for mergers and acquisitions that are prevailing in both the companies are understood to prevent the risk of non-compliance (Edghill, Sylow and Zhou, 2015). The Chinas Antimonopoly Law (AML) requires that mergers and acquisitions that cross a certain threshold limit have to be notified to the Ministry of Commerce. There have been lesser instances of merger and acquisition of Australian companies with the Chinese companies in the past years as the Australian companies have not been able to earn high revenue in China, but the agreement is expected to increase the business between these two companies. It takes almost 50 days to register a notification while in some cases the period may extend to one year (Edghill, Sylow and Zhou, 2015). The AML has recently become very active to prohibit the dominant companies from abusing their position. Therefore, in the case of overpricing by the Australian companies they might face the investigation by the authority. Therefore, for considering acquisitions and mergers in China by the Australian Companies it is important that the companies are aware of the AML rules and the consequences of breaching them. The laws and regulations impacting the companies that are carrying on business in Singapore are present in the Companies Act and Securities and Futures Act. Both the private and the public companies have to abide by them. The listed securities also have to comply with the requirements of the Singapore Securities Exchange Trading Ltd. The Chapter 50B of the Competition Act, in addition to the other things also prohibits:- Agreements that are entered into by the companies for restriction or prevention of the competition, The conducts that would result in abuse of the dominant position, The mergers that may have the impact of lessening competition in any industry Singapore. Firm-specific comparative financial statement analysis and vertical analysis The financial statements of Kissan which is a subsidiary of Hindustan Unilever Ltd have been analyzed. It is a division of Hindustan Unilever Ltd which is involved in the manufacturing of jams and jellies. It is a leading brand in the country and the products of Kissan are widely used in the household. The company has few competitors and major ones include Heinz and other local products. If the packaged foods section of the HUL studied we can observe that there has been an increase in the turnover of the company in the past few years. The profit has also witnessed a tremendous increase in the past few years. Mapro Food Products is involved in the manufacturing of concentrated beverages, jams and jellies. It is a food processing company. It is privately held and is financed by equity. The net profit of the company has increased in the past years owing to its growing business. The company operates in India. The Chinese company Jining Hongwannian Trading Commercial is a subsidiary of Jinxiang Huaguang Group. The company was established in the year 2014 and most fresh fruits and vegetables. The export sale accounts for 50% of the revenue of the company. The group has held the first post for five consecutive years in the industry. The company supplies the products in America and few regions of Europe. The client base of the company consists of both domestic and global customers. The other competitor Shandong Chengwu Jinshanluan Garlic Industry Co., Ltd was established in the year 2007. It deals in garlic, garlic powder, other garlic variants and other fruits and vegetables. The company export sale amounts to 90% of the total revenue which implies that the company is majorly engaged in export business but also supplies to the domestic market in minor quantities. It mostly supplies its products to Africa, Asia and Australia. Cold Storage is a brand that is held by Dairy Farm International Holdings Limited. The company is a multi-national company and operates in China, Singapore and Taiwan as well. The company has Asian base of customers. The firm operates at lower margins for Cold Storage. The company holds 100% interest in the Singapore division (Appendix 1). The company witnessed a decline in the sale in the previous year due to intense competition and low category growth. The net margins were affected by the increased labor and rental costs. The promotional intensity and price competition also affected the margin and impacted the net income of the group. Therefore, to address a weak economic outlook the company is optimizing its products with improved items and brand promotion. Fairprice Supermarket chain has been operating in Singapore for a period exceeding forty years. The objective of the company is to moderate the cost of living of the people of the country. The company operates in Singapore only. The revenue of the company witnessed an increase; however the profit of the company has declined in the past year due to slow growth in the industry (Appendix 3). The profit from the retail business has drastically decreased that has been compensated by other businesses. The company has been financed mostly by equity and has only the statutory amounts as long-term debts (Appendix 2). The major portion of the liabilities of the company comprises of the current liabilities that arise in the course of the working. The company has witnessed a decline in the profits both as a group and cooperative in the year 2015. Country Name Company 1 Company 2 India Mapro Foods Pvt Ltd Kissan Foods by Hindustan Unilever Ltd China Jining Hongwannian Commercial Trading Co.,Ltd Shandong Chengwu Jinshanluan Garlic Industry Co.,Ltd Singapore Cold Storage owned by Dairy Farm NTUC Fairprice supermarket chains Recommendation After the analysis of the company profile and the state of affairs of the competitors, the investment by Farm Fresh through Foreign Direct Investment can be considered as more feasible. The rationale behind the same is that almost all competitors are a division of the group companies that have large customer basis and have a strong financial position. The investment required for expansion and the market penetration is easily possible for them because of their global recognition, therefore merger and acquisition are not possible with these companies. The key players of China are mostly engaged in the export of the products and are not majorly operating in domestic sale so; the objective of capturing the market would not be met by mergers and acquisitions. Singapore is experiencing a slow growth in the fruit sector, and the companies are the pioneers in their industry. They already have their share in the market, and therefore, it cannot be captured with Merger and Acquisition with the se companies. The Free Trade Agreement has been recently signed between Australia and China, and its impacts are yet to be determined in future. Therefore, investment in Chinese market seems not viable from a financial and regulatory perspective. The Singapore markets are already facing downfall in the fruits and vegetable industry. The income and revenue have been impacted drastically for the key players therefore; penetrating the Singaporean market in an adverse situation is not feasible currently. The company can consider investing in India through Foreign Direct Investment. Foreign Direct Investment in India The country allows 100% FDI under automatic route in fruits and vegetable industry therefore; the investment can be made after analyzing the potential regions for investment. Five years tax holiday has also been provided by the government for new food processing units. The regulations of the capital market are formulated by the Securities and Exchange Board of India. If the company wants to invest in the country with IPO, it has to file a prospectus and minimum subscription is required to be achieved for obtaining the certificate of incorporation. The company can also seek the assistance for the underwriting services. Conclusion The analysis of the facts and the prevalent situations in different countries imply that investment in Indian market is expected to generate higher returns for Farm Fresh. Mergers and acquisitions do not seem as feasible option currently therefore, it must consider flourishing its own entity for conducting business. The company can invest in India to penetrate its untapped market and expand its business. The company might have to incur additional advertisement expense for brand promotion but investment in India and expansion of business is expected to be viable for the company in the long run. References Bansal, A. (2010).Mergers Acquisitions: Some Key Issues. [online] Indianmba.com. Available at: https://www.indianmba.com/Faculty_Column/FC1173/fc1173.html [Accessed 19 Dec. 2016]. Dairy Farm, (2016).Annual Report 2015- Dairy Farm Holdings International Ltd. 1st ed. pp.32, 108. Edghill, K., Sylow, C. and Zhou, Z. 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